Ludruk is a traditional drama performed by an arts group in the title in a stage by taking the story of people's daily life, stories of struggle and others are interspersed with jokes and accompanied by the gamelan as a musical. Dialogue / monologue in ludruk be entertaining and make the audience laugh, using language typical of Surabaya, although sometimes there are guest stars from other areas such as Jombang, Malang, Madura, Madison with a different accent. Straightforward language that is used in ludruk, making him easily absorbed by the non-intellectual (pedicab drivers, watchmen, transport drivers, etc). A staging ludruk Remo Dance usually begins with staging and interspersed with a character who plays "Mr. Sakera", a master of Madura.
History Ludruk:
In 1994, the group stayed around 14 ludruk group only. They play in
villages that do not have electricity at a rate of $ 350. Group is supported by 50. 60 players. Their income is very low, namely: Rp 1500 s / d 2500 per night. When the show quiet, forced to take cash to be able to eat in the village.
When James L Peacok (1963-1964) held in Surabaya ludruk study there were 594 group. According to the Department of Education in East Java province, after the year 1980 increased to 789 group (84/85), 771 group (85/86), 621 group (86/87) and 525 (8788). Suwito HS, ludruk artists from Malaysia says no more than 500 groups because many members of the group which has a membership of up to five groups.
The results Suripan Hutomo Sadi, according to the dictionary javanansch Nederduitssch Woordenboek Gencke and T Roorda's work (1847), Ludruk means Grappermaker (badutan). Another source states ludruk means badhut means female dancers and comedians in the work of WJS Poerwadarminta, BPE Literature (1930). Meanwhile, according to S.Wojowasito (1984) that the word badhut been recognized by the people in East Java since the year 760 BC in the kingdom with its king Gjayana Kanyuruhan Malan, a dance artist who left the memories of the temple Badhut.
Ludruk not formed for granted, but suffered a long metamorphosis. We do not have sufficient data to reconstruct such a long time, but you try to assign hendricus Supriyanto based resource persons who are still alive until 1988, that ludruk as folk theater began in 1907, by Mr. Ceweng Santik of the village, Sub district Goda Jombang.
Starting from art ngamen containing simple lyric poetry and percussion, Mr. Pono Santik friends with Mr. and Mr. Amir traveled from village to village. Mr Pono wearing women's clothes and face makeup to make it look funny graffiti graffiti. This is where the audience delivery of the word "Wong Iorek" .. Due to variations in language the word "Iorek" changed to the word "Lerok".Besud Lerok period (1920. 1930)
Art that comes from these ngamen audience acclaim. In development are often invited to fill in wedding party and the other party of the people.
The next show there is a change, especially at events that are served. Early in the offering ceremony is held. Offering was a tribute to the four winds or four orientations, and then held the show. The main players wearing red hats Turkey, without or wearing long-sleeved white shirt and black pants suits. From this developed the acronym Mbekta arinya bring intent, which eventually transform into lerok lerok designations made.
Lerok and Ludruk period (1930-1945)
Besut lerok period flourished in 1920-1930, after which time many emerging ludruk in eastern Java. Ludruk own terms is determined more by people who've broken the terms lerok. Ludruk lerok name and continue to co-exist since the appearance until 1955, further supporting the community and artists tend to choose ludruk.
Contemporaneous with the period of struggle in the political Soetomo who founded the Party of Indonesia highway, in 1933 founded the Ludruk Oraganizatie Durasim cak (LO). This is a pioneering Ludruk staging ludruk perform in a play and is best known for his courage in criticizing both the Dutch and the Japanese government.
Ludruk at this time serves as an entertainment and lighting equipment to the people, by the player ludruk players are used to convey the message the message preparation Independence, with its top event result Jula chanting in July that became a legend throughout the group Ludruk in Indonesia, namely: "Bekupon Omahe Doro, Melok Nipon Soyo Sengsoro "., cak Durasim and his friends were arrested and imprisoned by the Japanese.
Ludruk Independence period (1945-1965)
Ludruk at this time serves as an entertainment and lighting equipment to the people, to convey the message of development. At this time the famous Ludruk Marhaen Indonesia's Communist Party. Therefore not surprising that the PKI was easily influence the people, which is used as a funnel ludruk PKI to perform for the purpose of raising the rebel. Madison events of 1948 and S 1965 G-30 is the peak of hypocrisy PKI.
Ludruk really get a place in the people of East Java. There are two groups which are very famous ludruk: Ludruk Marhaen and Ludruk Tresna Enggal.
Ludruk Marhaen never played in the state court to 16 times, it shows how close the artists ludruk with decision makers in this country. It also had the opportunity Ludruk entertaining fighters to reclaim Irian Jaya, TRIKORA II B which received an award from the commander of the Mandala (Soeharto). Ludruk is more inclined to the left so that when the event G 30 S PKI Ludruk broke up.
After the period Ludruk G 30 S PKI (1965. At this time)
Events G30S PKI completely devastated Ludruk groups especially those affiliated to the Communist Party's People's Cultural Institute. Occur vacuum between 1965-1968. After that came the new policy regarding ludruk groups from East Java. Smelting ludruk coordinated by the Armed Forces in this DAM UB VIII of this melting process occurred between the years 1968-1970.
A. Ex-Ludruk Marhaen in Surabaya merged into ludruk Wijaya Kusuma unit I2. Ex-Ludruk Anogara Malang merged into Wijaya Kusuma Ludruk Unit II
3. Ex-Ludruk Uril A Malang merged into Ludruk Wijaya Kusuma III unit, fostered Korem Baladika Jaya Malaysia 083
4. Ex-Ludruk Tresna merged into Surabaya Enggal Wijaya Kusuma ludruk IV unit
5. Ex-Ludruk kartika in Karachi merged into Ludruk Kusuma unit V
Various regions ludruk ludruk fostered by the Armed Forces until 1975. After that they returned to the group of independent artists ludruk until now.
With the bitter experience never felt due to this art, old Ludruk surface does not appear as an overall figure of Art. At this time ludruk really a tool of entertainment. So that young people who are not steeped in history will recognize as the group plays Lawak ludruk.
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